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Simply put, many uses require very accurate movement for which DC servo motors fill a necessary niche. One of the major characteristics of these engines was that armature control is relied on, in order for them to function properly. Armature Control :- In this control method we directly causes a change of electric current in the armature winding and hence causing influences on speed, torque,voltage or position. Armature control plays a key role in the performance of a DC servo motor and hence one has to be very careful while applying it, unlike conventional dc motor.
One major and useful property of Armature control is the torque output response, we will be discussing about this aspect in our next tutorial. The torque of a motor is proportional to the current in its armature winding. In simple words, the armature current is the torque output per motor. This control is usually done with a feedback that measures the present and compares it to what you want, so you can correct them. A DC servo motor is capable of producing precise torque output when under control
Speed of DC servo motor: - Armature control also has its impact on speed which is majorly depending upon the torque. The speed of a motor drive is proportional to the counter EMF that develops in armature winding. They reduce the current, that has to flow inorder for object to move, in this motor by applying counter EMF which act against the voltage applied. Armature control allows one to change the nature of the back EMF, i.e. its magnitude and orientation.) For instance armature current decrease; lowering of the counter EMF, speed increase. On the other hand, if we increased the armature current then this higher counter EMF will naturally lead to a lesser motor speed. This is why Armature control takes care of reaching the desired speed level for a DC Servo Motor.
Armature Control in DC servo motor can be do in many ways. The simplest method is the use of high-resolution encoders or position sensors to provide very accurate feedback as to where a motor actually sits in its rotation cycle. Position in reference or tracking frame has a feedback that is accuracy fed to manipulate the armature current of motor as close and near by its commanded position.
Another, "Feed forward control" is also way to more develop armature control. This method uses the performance characteristics of the motor to predict how many armature current should go in. The result is a motor that can respond faster while also stellifying quickly when commanded to do so, improving overall performance.
The process of making Armature control for the DC series motor become ideal is also needing a close loop counter- EMF technique. This technique is observing how its armature current as close to desired value. Any such discrepancies will be used to tune the engine that makes this number. This feedback loop ensures that the motor easily matches and synchronizes its armature currect, which means our face signal needs with what we perceive it to be!
Regarding DC servo motors, one of the most critical things is for movements to be as smooth as possible in order to perform applications with precision and accuracy. This smooth action occurs as a result of armature control. This is such a Sinusoidal commutation, as the armature winding current follows sinewave movement to vary from one state of field polarity influence over another. This limits the difference in torque output from your motor and therefore makes you a smoother rider.
Dead-band Compensation Dead band compensation is another way to make movement smoother. The aim of this methodology is to make the system less dead-band in his control loop by enhancing elimination efficiency. This means signals inside the dead-band do not contribute to output. This reduces the overall sweep to a range where more-modest output movements can follow relatively small input signals.
Also, you have to tune the PI controller settings of your motor for a smoother motion. The armature currents of the motor are compensated by a PI controller. The feedback loop which commands the motor (based-on PWM) to do an action can be controlled by tuning a PI controller; that will improve how good and much move was done by the wheel.
Unquestionably armature control plays an important role in DC servo motors operation. Control of torque, speed and location is Essential for any perfect actuator form amateurs but also how it optimizes performance characteristics of the motor. Armature control can also have an impact on the durability and efficiency of a motor.
All these problems such as vibrations, positional inaccuracies and energy losses are result from poor armature control. CSS7 and these appear to be likely caused by a lack of the appropriate armature. Over time the DC servo motor ceases to remain efficient. The incorrect levels of armature current may also heat up and damage to the motor. It is evident that the performance of a DC servo motor relies heavily on armature control, and this fact must be understood as to its importance.
In concise, armature control is the most affecting to over all response of DC servo motors. If the other is more torque and speed change, stop position control of this motor. Feedforward combined with sinusoidal commutation and closed-loop controlled can be used to increase the degree of armature control solely for smoother motion. This is where armature control comes into play and your knowledge about it will determine if you can squeeze more out of those DC servo motors, getting them to operate better, live longer or race ahead than their competitors.
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